Diphtheria in Australia, recent trends and future prevention strategies.
نویسندگان
چکیده
Australia’s National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System (NNDSS) was established in 1991 and uses the following case definition for notification of diphtheria: isolation of toxigenic Corynebacterium diphtheriae and either (a) pharyngitis and/or laryngitis (with or without membrane), or (b) toxic (cardiac or neurological) symptoms. Since the establishment of the NNDSS, there have been 23 notified cases of diphtheria, including one fatality. These cases occurred in 1991 (eight cases) and 1992 (15 cases); 12 were male (male:female ratio 1.1:1). Of the 23 patients, 16 (14 Aborigines) resided in the Northern Territory. Most (64%) of these recent cases were aged at least 15 years (range 1-78 years), in contrast with the pre-vaccine era when less than 30% of cases were aged 15 years and older. ,6 Even though the numbers of notifications reported here are small, they probably overestimate the true incidence of diphtheria as defined by the notification criteria since only six toxigenic isolates of C. diphtheriae from the Northern Territory were identified in 1991-2 (Dr Jan Lanser, Institute of Medical and Veterinary Science, Adelaide; personal communication), compared with 16 notifications for the same period. The remaining 10 notified cases were probably cutaneous infections and/or infections with non-toxigenic strains.
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عنوان ژورنال:
- Communicable diseases intelligence
دوره 24 6 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2000